The End of Policing
The End of Policing book cover

The End of Policing

Paperback – August 28, 2018

Price
$11.00
Format
Paperback
Pages
272
Publisher
Verso
Publication Date
ISBN-13
978-1784782924
Dimensions
5.05 x 0.7 x 7.79 inches
Weight
11.2 ounces

Description

“ The End of Policing combines the best in academic research with rhetorical urgency to explain why the ordinary array of police reforms will be ineffective in reducing abusive policing. Alex Vitale shows that we must move beyond conceptualizing public safety as interdiction, exclusion, and arrest if we hope to achieve racial and economic justice.” —Ruth Wilson Gilmore, Professor, CUNY Graduate Center, Co-Founder of Critical Resistance, author of Golden Gulag “Deeply researched, but also vibrantly and accessibly written, The End of Policing is essential reading for anyone wishing to understand the dire state of policing today. Alex Vitale shows compellingly that as long as we ask the police to shore up a fundamentally unequal and dysfunctional social order, superficial ‘reforms’ won’t do much to help. And he offers concrete alternatives aimed at restoring communities and getting police out of the business of trying to contain social problems that they cannot—and should not—control.” —Elliott Currie, Professor, University of California, Irvine, author of Crime and Punishment in America “An extremely vital book on policing. Should be assigned at all police academies. If only the Philando Castile jurors had read this.” —Jeffrey Fagan, Director of Columbia Law School's Center for Crime, Community, and Law “Challenging standard accounts of how to reform policing, Alex Vitale argues that true safety demands directing resources away from police and prisons and towards economic development, education, and drug treatment. Urgent, provocative, and timely, The End of Policing will make you question most of what you have been taught to believe about crime and how to solve it.” —James Forman Jr., Professor, Yale Law School and author of Locking Up Our Own: Crime and Punishment in Black America “In a tightly constructed monograph filled with reform suggestions, Vitale decries the evolution of police agencies as tools of the white establishment to suppress dissatisfaction among the have-nots. A clearly argued, sure-to-be-controversial book.” — Kirkus “In a chapter on each issue, Vitale sets out the problem in depth, explores the liberal view of reforms that seek only to remove the worst excesses of police conduct and to restore the legitimacy of using force in the interests of society, and then offers ideas for alternatives.” —The Network for Police Monitoring “Vitale’s amassing of trenchant facts into an enticing intellectual framework makes The End of Policing a must-read for anyone interesting in waging and winning the fight for economic and social justice.” —Michael Hirsch, Indypendent “ The End of Policing is that holiday argument book, the relatively brief stack of facts you can hand to a relative who still talks about those nice guys who helped out with the flat tire and doesn’t see why any lives have to matter more than they already do. A thorough rinsing of the American criminal justice system.” —Sasha Frere-Jones, 4 Columns “ The End of Policing ’s great strength lies in demonstrating that if the shape of American policing is historical, it is also contingent. We could have made different choices regarding how we set about securing the public against the array of threats that confront it, and—refreshingly, at this moment of general despair—Vitale believes we still can.” —Adam Greenfield, Los Angeles Review of Books “Offers a compelling digest of the dynamics of crime and law enforcement, and a polemic against the militarization of everything. Vitale calls for a dismantling of our very notion of the police: a sprawling, untethered bureaucracy permitted to use lethal force and unaccountable to the people.” —E. Tammy Kim, Nation “Unfortunately, neither increased diversity in police forces nor body cameras nor better training make any seeming difference. We need to restructure our society and put resources into communities themselves, an argument Alex Vitale makes very persuasively.” —Rachel Kushner, author of The Flamethrowers “A welcome challenge to reformist thinking and a powerful argument against social and economic injustice, inequality and racism.” — London School of Economics Review of Books “Suggests a radical alternative that, on the one hand, abolishes corrupt and lethal police policies designed to contain the racialised poor and, on the other, develops and sustains safer communities.” — Race & Class “A welcome challenge to reformist thinking and a powerful argument against social and economic injustice, inequality and racism.” — LSE Review of Books “Offers a convincing argument that the traditional roles played by police forces have been largely counter-productive.” — Morning Star “A compelling critique of modern policing.” —Peter Stauber, Counterfire "Not only presents problems with policing but suggests alternatives that I had not previously considered." —Brit Bennett, author of The Vanishing Half Alex S. Vitale is Professor of Sociology and Coordinator of the Policing and Social Justice Project at Brooklyn College and a Visiting Professor at London Southbank University. He has spent the last thirty years writing about policing and consults both police departments and human rights organizations internationally. His essays have appeared in the New York Times , Washington Post , Guardian , Nation , Jacobin , Fortune , and USA Today . He has also appeared on CNN, MSNBC, CNBC, NPR, PBS, Democracy Now! , Vice News , and the Daily Show with Trevor Noah .

Features & Highlights

  • LOS ANGELES TIMES BESTSELLERThe problem is not overpolicing, it is policing itself. Why we need to defund the police and how we get there.
  • Recent weeks have seen an explosion of protest against police brutality and repression. Among activists, journalists and politicians, the conversation about how to respond and improve policing has focused on accountability, diversity, training, and community relations. Unfortunately, these reforms will not produce results, either alone or in combination. The core of the problem must be addressed: the nature of modern policing itself.
  • This book attempts to spark public discussion by revealing the tainted origins of modern policing as a tool of social control. It shows how the expansion of police authority is inconsistent with community empowerment, social justice— even public safety. Drawing on groundbreaking research from across the world, and covering virtually every area in the increasingly broad range of police work, Alex Vitale demonstrates how law enforcement has come to exacerbate the very problems it is supposed to solve.
  • In contrast, there are places where the robust implementation of policing alternatives—such as legalization, restorative justice, and harm reduction—has led to a decrease in crime, spending, and injustice. The best solution to bad policing may be an end to policing.

Customer Reviews

Rating Breakdown

★★★★★
60%
(679)
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(283)
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15%
(170)
★★
7%
(79)
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Most Helpful Reviews

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Wonderful

I love this book! It takes on another perspective of the problem of policing and over policing, as well as the problem of officers being trained for combat/war type situations rather than how to act when you see a simple situation in the street. Amazing book, I completely recommend
29 people found this helpful
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The most important book in print currently.

The facts, analysis, and ideas in this book explain everything that has caused the US policing programs to fail, what that fail means and looks like for everyone, and what actions can be taken (as well as some that have).

If you want to know about policing in the modern era, what police reform is, how criminal justice is typically carried out, and more, this book is an absolute MUST READ. It should be included as part of any intro criminal justice course, it should be studied and expanded on.

The subject matter is enraging and it's a very hard read as a result. You will be angry and depressed as you read this, it's so upsetting, but you'll be compelled to push through. This book is incredibly important and I hope that someday it becomes irrelevant, that someday the lessons this book tries to teach are learned and our society is improved as a result.
19 people found this helpful
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Important addition to studies of criminal justice reform

Great, powerful, important book. I only wish Professor Vitale had more answers as to how we can fix the problems that he so clearly diagnoses!
18 people found this helpful
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If you only buy one book about criminal justice, make it this one

This book is thoroughly researched, well-reasoned, and engaging. Vitale lays out a comprehensive history of how the system of American policing we see today is the inevitable result of purposeful institutional design that has shaped the attitudes and techniques of law enforcement personnel for decades, even centuries. He then goes on to chronicle in great detail how dramatic expansion of the police state, beginning with the Reagan Revolution and continuing to this day.

I can not recommend this book highly enough. To have any hope of improving our criminal justice system, we have to understand the forces that shaped it to be what it is.
10 people found this helpful
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Anti-police propaganda garbage

The best thing about this book was how easily it turned to ashes when I threw it into our fireplace upon completion. The author makes bold, sweeping claims and conveniently leaves out sources when it benefits him, such as the absurd argument early in the book that states that bad guys essentially shoot the police because the police are armed, so if we disarmed the police then bad guys wouldn’t shoot them. This is the type of illogical nonsense throughout the text. The book was hard to finish due to the maddening level of non-logic accompanying each argument.

The fact of the matter is that broken windows policing works and the police are one of our greatest assets. This author needs to go do some ride alongs and spend time with the actual police as he has no pulse on what he’s discussing.
6 people found this helpful
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Really impressive and easy read

Still reading 📖 so far, but really impressed with the author’s point of view. Really made me rethink law enforcement altogether. Would highly recommend to anyone questioning our current police issues.
5 people found this helpful
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Great Sociological Analysis

This is a very informative and helpful book. It offers a thorough and painful look at the problems caused by the criminal justice system. One of the best reads!
5 people found this helpful
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A good starting point

This book, by Brooklyn College sociology professor Alex S. Vitale, was published in 2017, before the George Floyd demonstrations, so it remarkably feels dated by not mentioning “defund the police” and other recent developments. Vitale summarizes the effect of policing in short chapters, focusing on aspects of law enforcement like the inability of officers to deal with the homeless and mentally ill, the appalling number of armed police in American schools, and the failures of drug and prostitution enforcement. Like many liberals, Vitale feels that the reforms of policing that have been attempted have not only been inadequate, but doomed to failure without a massive restructuring of society.

Vitale doesn't entirely dismiss what I would consider incremental, as opposed to structural reforms. For example, he recommends the legalization of drugs and sex work, with the resources currently expended on interdiction instead rerouted to treatment and oversight. His “school to prison pipeline” chapter points out the harm of filling schools with armed law enforcement officers, which leads to children who engage in minor delinquency being treated as hardened criminals, and the effect this has. He accurately describes the failures of the current mental health system, which tends to ignore things like the need for long-term housing and employment opportunities, resulting in people cycling endlessly through costly and ineffective treatment without improvement. Vitale also critiques the programs that provide military hardware to local police forces.

“Defund the police” is such an awful slogan, if I didn't know better, I'd assume it had been concocted by Roger Stone or some other Republican operative. It's not just misleading; as basic advertising, it fails because it's not self-explanatory (for example, the Boy Scout slogan “do a good turn daily” doesn't require any explanation). Any slogan that requires a paragraph to clarify what it really means is counter-productive. The title “The End of Policing” is even more alarming and provocative, playing into conservative accusations that liberals want to “get rid of the police” and replace them with “social workers.” Throughout the book, Vitale explains why this is, in fact, a good idea in many instances. Contrary to what one sees in any television cop show, the police do not spend most of their time chasing violent criminals or solving complex crimes. Much of what the police do could be done just as effectively by social workers or other unarmed personnel. Community outreach and “wraparound” programs are problematic when conducted by the police who have the power to arrest the people with whom they need to build rapport.

What Vitale ignores are the obstacles that prevent the reforms he recommends. It's not just lack of funding; there's significant resistance to most of what he suggests, and not only from conservative Republicans. Despite the fact that the violent crime rate has decreased significantly since its peak in the early 1990s, the relentless reporting on crime (“if it bleeds, it leads”) has convinced many people that violent crime is out of control, and the image of the police as the “thin blue line” protecting decent citizens from the forces of chaos that seek to destroy them has persisted. Support for the police has been hopelessly politicized. I've heard phrases like “the war on cops” and “the police have been deballed” from conservatives with this mindset, where any suggestion to reform policing is viewed as the slippery slope to enklimatiocracy (a word I just made up meaning “society governed by criminals”).

Because the book is intended as an introduction, Vitale skims over several areas that warrant a more in-depth treatment (like racial reparations), and he makes a few errors. For example, in his “Border Policing” chapter, he says that migrant farm workers are not covered by minimum wage laws. In fact, since most farm workers handle goods or produce that is sold across state lines, nearly all of them (including those here illegally) are covered by the federal Fair Labor Standards Act and the minimum wage, and foreign workers under the H-2A visa program receive an even higher “adverse effect” wage rate.

Policing is just one aspect of how a society maintains order. As social animals, humans must relinquish a portion of their individual autonomy for the good of the group, and the only reason human society exists at all is because at some point, it was selected for as a survival strategy. Maintaining that society is a spectrum from social disapproval on one end, to prison and execution on the other. No temporary change in leadership or reallocation of resources is going to alter trends that have been in play since before the U.S. was founded. However, limited changes, like increasing mental health care resources, fewer police in schools, demilitarization, legalization of drugs and sex work, and others Vitale recommends would be an improvement. Too many people view the police as an occupying army (and unfortunately, for good reason). Copiously referenced and indexed, “The End of Policing” can serve as a springboard for further discussion.
4 people found this helpful
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Post-Colonialism Begins at Home

I have this book here, and it’s good.

What’s weird is that it was written in 2017. So, this book is just a rundown of why we’ve moved past the need for policing and how it is bad for society in its current form and even in its history it was never good.

It feels like a response to the protests of 2020, but it wasn’t.

Sometimes you read a book and it is really grounded in its time and place, but this was timely a few years ago and is even more timely now. It is amazing how you have internalized and normalized the way that policing happens in this country, the good old United States. You don’t really think about all the contradictions unless you are at the sharp end of the stick, or you are paid to study it.

But it’s not good and it doesn’t really keep us safer and is just more or less designed to protect property over people. It’s sad and even sadder knowing how entrenched it is so that even the mildest reforms are met with howls of indignation not just by those who wield the stick, but the oppressed as well.
3 people found this helpful
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2020 made this clearer and clearer.

There is no excuse for the institution of police to exist as it does today. It needs to be completely abolished, and this book proves it as much as the murder of George Floyd.
3 people found this helpful