Magnificent Delusions: Pakistan, the United States, and an Epic History of Misunderstanding
Magnificent Delusions: Pakistan, the United States, and an Epic History of Misunderstanding book cover

Magnificent Delusions: Pakistan, the United States, and an Epic History of Misunderstanding

Hardcover – January 1, 2013

Price
$21.33
Format
Hardcover
Pages
432
Publisher
PublicAffairs
Publication Date
ISBN-13
978-1610393171
Dimensions
6.75 x 1.5 x 9.75 inches
Weight
1.45 pounds

Description

From Publishers Weekly Mistrust and cross-purposes characterize relations between Pakistan and the U.S., writes Haqqani, Pakistan's ambassador to the U.S from 2008 to 2011 and now a Boston University professor, in this insightful if disturbing history. During the bloodshed of 1947, India's forces drove Pakistan from Kashmir, a Muslim majority region that, theoretically, belonged to Muslim Pakistan. Obsession over Kashmir's loss persists, creating a virtual permanent war with India; civil government remains subservient to the military, which absorbs most of Pakistan's revenue, leaving little for economic development. Pakistani leaders quickly requested U.S aid, trumpeting their anticommunism. America responded modestly but generously after the Soviets invaded Afghanistan, and massively after 9/11. Pakistan spends the bulk of its resources facing India—American leaders accept this as the price of cooperation but gnash their teeth over Pakistan's tepid enthusiasm for our war on terror. Pakistan's generals have no love for al-Qaeda but have long supported the Afghan Taliban and would prefer them to the present government. Making it clear why he is persona non grata in his homeland, Haqqani concludes that military aid has undermined Pakistan's democracy, converting it into a rentier state living off American money rather than its people's productivity. Agent: the Wylie Agency. (Nov.) Jeffrey Goldberg, Democracy: A Journal of Ideas "The questions Haqqani answers in this book—among them, Why do Pakistan and the United States perpetually careen from one crisis to another?—should make it indispensable reading for U.S. Presidents and secretaries of state.” Kirkus Reviews , *starred* review “[An] insightful, painful history of Pakistani-American relations… Demonstrating no mercy to either party, Haqqani admits that Pakistan verges on failed-state status but shows little patience with America's persistently shortsighted, fruitless policies.” Library Journal “Haqqani uses his wealth of personal experience to present a detailed account of the genesis and evolution of U.S.-Pakistani relations over the last 60 years… The book is a useful resource for academics, journalists, and policymakers at all levels.” Publishers Weekly “Insightful if disturbing... Making it clear why he is persona non grata in his homeland, Haqqani concludes that military aid has undermined Pakistan's democracy, converting it into a rentier state living off American money rather than its people's productivity.” Declan Walsh, New York Times “Patriotism, lies and wrenching disappointment are the interweaving coils of “Magnificent Delusions,” a sweeping survey of the tumultuous relations between Washington and Islamabad since Pakistan's founding in 1947. Since the American commando raid that killed Osama bin Laden in Pakistan in 2011, the alliance between the two countries has been sickly, with a racing pulse but little heart. Mr. Haqqani's scholarly history suggests that the condition is genetic, rooted in the very DNA of their relationship.” Mark Moyer, Wall Street Journal “[Haqqani's] purpose isn't to narrate his service as ambassador or score political points but to outline the contours of American relations with Pakistan over time, with a final chapter depicting the 2011 collapse as a new instance of historical trends. While one might desire a fuller accounting of his ambassadorship, the book covers its chosen ground superbly.” Richard Leiby, Washington Post “A solid synthesis of history, political analysis and social critique." Kapil Komireddi, Daily Beast "The most clear-eyed history of the U.S.-Pakistan relationship yet published...Not only should Haqqani's book be read by everyone with an interest in Pakistan; it ought be compulsory reading for members of Congress and officials at the State Department." Michael Kugelman, Foreign Policy "Impeccably researched, with an overwhelming reliance on primary sources -- thereby making its often controversial findings impossible to dispute. The book's tone is strikingly restrained, subjective yet never polemical. This is admirable, given that its author's public service career has been damaged, if not destroyed, by the toxic nature of his subject." Financial Times “Explains from the inside how successive Islamabad governments have demanded money and weapons from Washington while simultaneously promoting Islamic extremism to the detriment of both the US and Pakistan.” Lisa Curtis, National Interest “If you want a better understanding of why U.S. policy has failed so miserably in Pakistan, you should read Husain Haqqani's latest book… Fast-paced and highly readable… Haqqani has provided a well-documented and interesting account of the policy disconnects between the United States and Pakistan. His book should make a tremendous contribution toward grounding U.S. policy toward Pakistan in more realistic assumptions that will help avoid future crises between the two countries.” Husain Haqqani was Pakistan's ambassador to the United States from 2008 to 2011. A trusted advisor of late Pakistani prime minister, Benazir Bhutto, Ambassador Haqqani is as a professor at Boston University and co-chair of the Hudson Institute's Project on the Future of the Muslim World as well as editor of the journal Current Trends in Islamist Thought . He has written for the Wall Street Journal , New York Times , Boston Globe , Financial Times , International Herald Tribune , and more. Follow him on Twitter: @husainhaqqani Read more

Features & Highlights

  • The relationship between America and Pakistan is based on mutual incomprehension and always has been. Pakistan—to American eyes—has gone from being a quirky irrelevance, to a stabilizing friend, to an essential military ally, to a seedbed of terror. America—to Pakistani eyes—has been a guarantee of security, a coldly distant scold, an enthusiastic military enabler, and is now a threat to national security and a source of humiliation.The countries are not merely at odds. Each believes it can play the other—with sometimes absurd, sometimes tragic, results. The conventional narrative about the war in Afghanistan, for instance, has revolved around the Soviet invasion in 1979. But President Jimmy Carter signed the first authorization to help the Pakistani-backed mujahedeen covertly on July 3—almost six months before the Soviets invaded. Americans were told, and like to believe, that what followed was Charlie Wilson's war of Afghani liberation, with which they remain embroiled to this day. It was not. It was General Zia-ul-Haq's vicious regional power play.Husain Haqqani has a unique insight into Pakistan, his homeland, and America, where he was ambassador and is now a professor at Boston University. His life has mapped the relationship of the two countries and he has found himself often close to the heart of it, sometimes in very confrontational circumstances, and this has allowed him to write the story of a misbegotten diplomatic love affair, here memorably laid bare.

Customer Reviews

Rating Breakdown

★★★★★
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Most Helpful Reviews

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Great book on foreign policy

This book contains great insight from an insider and scholar on the true nature and historical failings of the US-Pakistan relationship. Ambassador Haqqani does not pull any punches when it comes to who and what is responsible for this turbulent relationship on both sides. It is remarkably honest, and frankly brave as well. Ambassador Haqqani suffered a lot of criticism, the political firestorm that saw him out of the office of Ambassador, and even death threats for refusing to mince words and step in line with the powers that be and their political agendas, be it in his first book, his Ambassadorship, or now in this book.

That being said, this book is also a breath of fresh air among the other books on US-Pakistan politics. The book is easy to read, while still going deep in its analysis, well organized, and interspersed with the Ambassador's typical sense of humor, as he compares the US-Pakistan relationship to a loveless marriage. You won't get bored reading this book.

Why are you still reading this, buy it already!
35 people found this helpful
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Important case study in international relations

A fundamental requirement of effective foreign policy is cultural competency: The ability to communicate in a way that meaning is not distorted when messages are translated across worldviews and political contexts. When communications are not assessed within the contexts from which they emerge, confusion can result. When one or both sides hears what they want to hear, however, it is not confusion, but delusion that results. As an advisor to two Prime Ministers and Pakistan's Ambassador to the United States from 2008 to 2011, Husain Haqqani saw first hand the dysfunction that can seep into international relations when one or both sides bases their foreign policy in delusion.

Husain Haqqani's first-hand experience in US-Pakistan relations notwithstanding, "Magnificent Delusions" is not a memoir, but a case study. Haqqani begins his examination of US-Pakistan relations before Pakistan's independence in 1947, and details a history of both sides hearing what they wanted to hear while ignoring the global and domestic political contexts in which events were unfolding.

Neither is the book a polemic against the US or Pakistan. From Secretary of State Dulles overlooking the eerily prescient observations of Ambassador Langley in the late 1950s to Pakistan's misunderstanding of the limits of US obligations in bilateral security agreements, Haqqani details a history in which both countries have developed foreign policy around a set of wishful assumptions rather than contextual analysis.

"Magnificent Delusions" serves as a point of reorientation for US-Pakistan relations, but it also provides an important case study to guide the development of other relationships as well.
18 people found this helpful
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Great Book, but it would have been even better, if it had covered internal forces that shape Pakistan and it's foreign policy.

Interesting book and I am sure would be particularly an interesting insight for diplomats, policy wonks and academics. But it wasn’t the book I thought it was when I purchased it. I saw the author on Charlie Rose and was fascinated by what he had to say about the forces (overwhelmingly) for and against an Islamic Pakistani state. So I was eager to follow-up with the book for in-depth coverage of the Pakistani national consciousness, which again is overwhelmingly defined and dominated by the desire to create an Islamic state, which is also the vision of the founding fathers, namely Muhammad Ali Jinnah and co.

In addition to being a born and bred Pakistani, a diplomat and an academic, the authors’ inside view of the Pakistani state makes him uniquely qualified to write about Pakistan. I am looking forward to reading about the inside forces in Pakistani, not so much its relations with America. Sure, I knew I was purchasing a book about Pakistan/US relations, but I assumed there would be some substantial coverage of the domestic forces for and against creating an Islamic state and how such an internal struggle shapes Pakistan’s foreign policy with the world and America. For those of us without deep knowledge of Pakistan, such a book would lay a foundation within which to understand Pakistan, including its foreign policy.

Overall though, still a fascinating book and a credible author, who wants the best for his native land, The United States and the world.
12 people found this helpful
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Mr. Haqqani's narrative begs more questions than answers

If one really analyses Mr. Haqqani's narrative, one has to conclude that Pakistanis are extraordinarily clever in deceiving the United States and its highly sophisticated policymakers who have been taken for a ride by Pakistanis for over 6 decades. It raises the following questions:

Question 1: Given the belief that Pakistan would not survive, how did the country defy such expectations? What role did its "villainous" military play in its political and economic survival? What does the history say about rapid economic development of Pakistan under military regimes?

Question 2: Wouldn't any country that suffered a military invasion by its much larger neighbor and its break-up be justified in feeling threatened? Wouldn't such a country build deterrence against further adventures by its bigger neighbor?

Question 3: If the standard western narrative is correct, why have successive US administrations been so naive and gullible as to be duped by Pakistan's politicians and generals for such a long period of time? Is it not an indictment of all US administrations from Harry S. Truman's to Barack H. Obama's?

Question 4: What role did Pakistan play in the defeat of the Soviet Union in Afghanistan and the subsequent break-up of the Soviet Union?

Question 5: What price has Pakistan paid for facilitating US military operations in Afghanistan? How many Pakistani soldiers and civilians have lost their lives since 911?

[...]
9 people found this helpful
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Insightful history of US-Pakistan relationship with some hard facts

In this day and age there is no better expert on US-Pakistan diplomatic relations that Husain Haqqani, ambassador of Pakistan from 2008-2011. In his latest book, Haqqani gives a detailed and objective explanation of the growth and development of the complex and important relationship between US and Pakistan. The book is indeed very insightful and further clarifies the brewing mistrust between the two countries. A must own for all students/academics, journalists and policy makers.
9 people found this helpful
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Mostly truth ful writing - hesitent on to write truth about Bhutto family

Haqqani has written bitter truths what Pakistan govt and army has done to this country and what goo America has done in the history of this country. But he seemed hesitant to write about the damage done by the Bhutto family spacially by the rampant corruption and spoiling the institutions.
7 people found this helpful
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They call him a traitor in Pakistan

During the days of the cold war, it was from the defectors at the highest levels of KGB that we learned about how the evil empire worked. It was very helpful to us because such information was not available and the CIA accounts were not that trustworthy. Though these defectors were viewed as traitors in USSR, they were patriots who had conscious. Ambassador Haqqani, to some extent, fits that mould. He had access to highest levels of military and civil establishment (having held very important foreign assignments for quite some time), and the books paints a very coherent picture of the mindset of Pakistani administrators (civilian and military) since its independence. The picture presented is very ugly because there is no intention on his part to sugar coat the facts. He is on a crusade to start a open dialogue within Pakistan on the past and present policies of Pakistan, vis-a-vis US and its other neighboring countries, namely, India.

The book is *very* well written with every assertion backed up with a credible published source. It is a must read for all Pakistanis and Americans interested in South Asia policies of the US. Mr. Haqqani is a Pakistani, who is living in the US like a defector. He is painted as a traitor in Pakistan and cannot go back to his home country. I hope that this attitude in Pakistan changes, and he is able to visit Pakistan and start a badly needed critical debate on Pakistani policies. Ambassador Haqqani is one of the very few Pakistanis who have established themselves in the highest levels of American academic and think tank circles (where Pakistanis are almost absent) . I sincerely hope that he can succeed in his quest to change Pakistan for better.
4 people found this helpful
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Another Winner by the Author

Although, Mr. Haqqani is somewhat of a controversial figure in Pakistan, for valid or invalid reasons, but his academic credentials are impeccable and his books are well researched and referenced.

I have always been of the opinion, ever since I read Mr. Haqqani's first book, "Pakistan: Between Military and Mosque", that that particular book should be a required read for any one who wants to understand the power structure of Pakistan. "Pakistan: Between Military and Mosque" provided me with the answers of all the questions I had in my mind growing up in Pakistan.

In the same vein, "Magnificent Delusions:" should be a must read for anyone who wants to know what's wrong with US Pakistan relationship. Mr. Haqqani has struck the nail on it's head by saying that the main problem of this relationship is that it's a "transnational relation".

The book would be an eye-opener to people who think that people in the corridors of power, with all the information on their fingertips and think-tanks at their disposal, make informed and correct decisions. You will read page after page of people in high positions made crucial decisions based just on their whim; for example some US presidents making decisions based on their personal liking of some Pakistani despot.

The author has carefully avoided taking sides even though he has served as Pakistan's Ambassador to the United States. He doesn't only blame Pakistan of playing a 'double-game', he also points out the several US administrations walked into this trap rather knowingly.

The only star I have withheld is due to the fact that I thought that this book lacks elaboration on one major and one minor issues. The major issue the author has skirted is the discovery of Osama Bin Laden in mainland Pakistan. He just allotted a few pages on the issue whereas this deserved it's own chapter. And the minor issue is his involvement in what is called "Memogate". He dispensed the matter with a single sentence. Maybe he thinks that it is not worth his time but that's very much subjective. In past few years, you can utter the author's name without invoking the word "Memogate". He should have clarified his position for his readership.

Beside that, this book is the first of it's kind and should be shoved in the faces of every incoming administrations both in US and Pakistan.
3 people found this helpful
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An Excellent Summary of Pakistani-American Relations

Hussain Haqqani, the former Pakistani ambassador to the United States, has written an excellent review of the sixty-five years of interaction between the United States of America and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. He believes the relationship has been based on delusions on both sides. The American side has always felt that if America would only provide some more aid, Pakistan would help America against its enemies, whether they be the Communists during the Cold War or the Islamists today. The Pakistani side has always felt the Americans would take their side against India, if only their position were explained more often. Both sides were deluded in their beliefs. My own view is that neither side was actually deluded. The Americans realized early that the Pakistanis would never actually provide troops to (potentially) fight the Communists or the Islamists. However, they continued to support Pakistan anyway due to their desire to create a counterweight to India (a potential superpower). The Pakistanis also realized early that the Americans did not share their view of the Kashmir dispute and were no prepared to change it. They nonetheless went along with the relationship in order to obtain American arms. All of these calculations look much different today due to the dramatic rise of China. America is now interested in aiding India's rise in order to create a counterweight to China. I therefore believe America will suspend military assistance to Pakistan after 2014 and may even declare Pakistan a state sponsor of terrorism in another two or three years.
3 people found this helpful
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A Brave Book

A rather brave book considering the times and the circumstances under which it was written. Hussain Haqqani was the Pakistani ambassador to the United States and also is a professor at Boston University and was rather famously embroiled in a "Memogate" controversy which set him at loggerheads with the armed forces. The book rather than trying to set the record straight directly is a historical context to the hole that the state of Pakistan has dug themselves into, surprisingly knowingly assisted in the process by their biggest ally since Independence, the United States.
The bravery stems also from the fact that it challenges the hagiography of Jinnah that is so prevalent in Pakistani society. Jinnah to whom every Pakistani of any ideological slant pays homage to. What comes across is a country formed on an artificial basis extended with further delusions of being Arab, having an independent history going right back to 700 AD, largely to shear itself away from Indian influence of any sort( this refrain can largely be heard still on most TV channels in Pakistan). The book continues into the era of Ayub, a rather charismatic Chief of the Armed forces who could largely be credited with setting the US-Pakistan relations on the firm footing displayed in later years. Pakistan displayed a willingness to be a stooge in the South Asian region (a curious fact being that Gary Powers, one of the pilots famously shot down by the Soviet Union flew out from a base in Peshawar). Though thankfully to a large extent good sense did prevail in the US foreign policy, a pliant Pakistani state compared far better to a rather obstinate Indian one (even though the former was a dictatorship and the latter a democracy). Things came to a head post the 1965 war which led to a slowdown in the economy and Ayub found himself displaced only to impose a martial law with Yahya Khan at the helm. His attempt at establishing a democratic government spiralled into the genocide of the East Pakistanis and the establishment of Bangladesh, this easily could be one of the black marks of US foreign policy too, choosing to ignore their own envoy's reports of genocide (the Blood telegrams is a book by itself). It could be at this point that the relationship entered the delusional phase. Bhutto's stint at the helm though democratic, also conceded gains to the Islamists and he himself was deposed by Zia Ul Haq- which rightly is a watershed in the history of Pakistan. Rather than standing up to him, the US was manipulated by Zia thanks to the ill timed Soviet intrusion into Afghanistan. The mujahideen warriors made excellent bedfellows for the US (nursing a wounded ego from Vietnam) and the genesis of the mess was well and truly created.
9/11, the Taliban and Osama Bin Laden were largely outcomes of this delusional approach to foreign policy between the US and Pakistan and all that the last 60+ years have created is a nuclear rogue state largely surviving on military aid. Though the book itself has some tiresome moments, its a must read to understand how a relationship with little focus on facts can go so wrong - or rather delusional.
2 people found this helpful